Article 78
Right to an effective judicial remedy against a supervisory authority
(55) Whereas, if the controller fails to respect the rights of data subjects, national legislation must provide for a judicial remedy; whereas any damage which a person may suffer as a result of unlawful processing must be compensated for by the controller, who may be exempted from liability if he proves that he is not responsible for the damage, in particular in cases where he establishes fault on the part of the data subject or in case of force majeure; whereas sanctions must be imposed on any person, whether governed by private of public law, who fails to comply with the national measures taken under this Directive;
Regulation
Art. 78 1. Without prejudice to any other administrative or non-judicial remedy, each natural or legal person shall have the right to an effective judicial remedy against a legally binding decision of a supervisory authority concerning them. 2. Without prejudice to any other administrative or non-judicial remedy, each data subject shall have the right to a an effective judicial remedy where the supervisory authority which is competent pursuant to Articles 55 and 56 does not handle a complaint or does not inform the data subject within three months on the progress or outcome of the complaint lodged pursuant to Article 77. 3. Proceedings against a supervisory authority shall be brought before the courts of the Member State where the supervisory authority is established. 4. Where proceedings are brought against a decision of a supervisory authority which was preceded by an opinion or a decision of the Board in the consistency mechanism, the supervisory authority shall forward that opinion or decision to the court. |
Directive
Art. 28 (…) 3. (…) Decisions by the supervisory authority which give rise to complaints may be appealed against through the courts. |
Denmark
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Norway
Pol.§ 43 Personvernnemndas organisering og oppgaver Personvernnemnda avgjør klager over Datatilsynets avgjørelser, jf. § 42 fjerde ledd. Nemnda er et uavhengig forvaltningsorgan administrativt underordnet Kongen og departementet.2 § 42 første ledd annet punktum gjelder tilsvarende. Personvernnemnda har syv medlemmer som oppnevnes for fire år med adgang til gjenoppnevning for ytterligere fire år. Lederen og nestlederen oppnevnes av Stortinget. De øvrige fem medlemmene oppnevnes av Kongen. Personvernnemnda kan bestemme at lederen eller nestlederen sammen med to andre nemndsmedlemmer kan behandle klager over avgjørelser som må avgjøres uten opphold. Personvernnemnda orienterer årlig Kongen om behandling av klagesakene. Søksmål om gyldigheten av Personvernnemndas avgjørelser rettes mot staten ved Personvernnemnda. Kongen kan gi nærmere regler om Personvernnemndas organisering og saksbehandling. |